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Frank Ryan (1902 – 10 June 1944) was a prominent member of the Irish Republican Army, editor of ''An Phoblacht'', leftist activist and leader of Irish volunteers on the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War. ==Early life== Ryan was born at Bottomstown, Elton, County Limerick. His parents were National School teachers at Bottomstown (parish of Knockainey) with a taste for Irish traditional music, and they lived in a house full of books. He attended St. Colman's College, Fermoy. From then on he was devoted to the restoration of the Irish language. He studied Celtic Studies at University College Dublin, where he was a member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) training corps. He left before graduating to join the IRA's East Limerick Brigade in 1922. He fought on the Republican side in the Irish Civil War, and was wounded and interned. In November 1923 he was released and returned to University College Dublin. He was active in a number of Irish-language societies winning in 1924 the Cumann Gaedhealach's gold medal for oratory in Irish. During the Gaelic Revival era he was commissioned to write for Irish-language publications – he briefly edited ''An Reult'' ((アイルランド語:The Star)). He formed the University Republican Club and led it on demonstrations before graduation in 1925.〔Cronin, p. 22〕 After university he taught Irish at Mountjoy School (a Protestant school in Dublin), but journalism was his vocation. His day job was editing ''Irish Travel'' for the Tourist Board, while he also edited ''An tÓglach'' ((アイルランド語:The Volunteer)) for the IRA. Evenings were devoted to teaching Irish at Conradh na Gaeilge, lecturing in history and literature, and leading the occasional céilidh. In 1926, he was appointed adjutant of the Dublin Brigade and given the job of reorganisation. Ryan was always an anti-imperialist, and Peadar O'Donnell believes the biggest influence on Ryan's thinking in those days was the Congress of the League against Imperialism in Brussels, which he attended with Donal O'Donoghue, as delegates of the IRA, in February 1927.〔("The League Against Imperialism: British, Irish and Indian Connections" ), Communist History Network Newsletter, Issue 14, Spring 2003.〕 In 1929 Ryan was appointed editor of the Republican newspaper ''An Phoblacht'', where he worked alongside Geoffrey Coulter, his assistant. Together they turned it into a lively political paper boosting the readership substantially. In this year he was elected to the Army Executive, a body one below the IRA Army Council.〔Cronin, p. 33〕 In May 1930 Ryan spent several weeks in the US, addressing Irish conventions, where he witnessed the start of the Great Depression, and the ravages of unemployment. In 1931 he was imprisoned for publishing seditious articles in ''An Phoblacht''. Later that year, he was again imprisoned for contempt of court. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frank Ryan (Irish republican)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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